The book includes 50 revised and edited condensed papers on transient combustion processes and detonations in gases and heterogeneous media and applications of detonations to chemical propulsion authored by international experts from 11 countries. The book is published in connection with the Fifth International Colloquium on Pulsed and Continuous Detonations held in Moscow, July 4-7, 2006. The volume is addressed to researchers, power plant designers and engineers, and can serve as a reference book for graduate studies in detonation physics and chemical propulsion.